GMAT申友阅读RC题库-According to the passage, feminist scholars cite Burckhardt’s view of Renaissance women primarily for which of the following reasons?-OG2022-真题答案解析

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Jacob Burckhardt’s view that Renaissance European women “stood on a footing of perfect

equality” with Renaissance men has been repeatedly cited by feminist scholars as a prelude to their presentation of rich historical evidence of women’s

inequality. In striking contrast to Burckhardt, Joan Kelly in her famous 1977 essay, “Did Women Have a Renaissance?” argued that the Renaissance was

a period of economic and social decline for women relative both to Renaissance men and to medieval women. Recently, however, a significant trend among feminist scholars has entailed a rejection

of both Kelly’s dark vision of the Renaissance and Burckhardt’s rosy one. Many recent works by these scholars stress the ways in which differences among Renaissance women—especially in terms

of social status and religion—work to complicate the kinds of generalizations both Burckhardt and

Kelly made on the basis of their observations about upper-class Italian women.

The trend is also evident, however, in works focusing on those middle- and upper-class European women whose ability to write gives them disproportionate representation in the historical

record. Such women were, simply by virtue of

their literacy, members of a tiny minority of the population, so it is risky to take their descriptions of their experiences as typical of “female experience”

in any general sense. Tina Krontiris, for example, in her fascinating study of six Renaissance women

writers, does tend at times to conflate “women” and “women writers,” assuming that women’s gender,

irrespective of other social differences, including

literacy, allows us to view women as a homogeneous social group and make that group an object of analysis. Nonetheless, Krontiris makes a significant contribution to the field and is representative of

those authors who offer what might be called a

cautiously optimistic assessment of Renaissance women’s achievements, although she also stresses the social obstacles Renaissance women faced

when they sought to raise their “oppositional voices.” Krontiris is concerned to show women

intentionally negotiating some power for themselves (at least in the realm of public discourse) against potentially constraining ideologies, but in her sober and thoughtful concluding remarks, she suggests

that such verbal opposition to cultural stereotypes was highly circumscribed; women seldom attacked the basic assumptions in the ideologies that

oppressed them.

According to the passage, feminist scholars cite Burckhardt’s view of Renaissance women primarily for which of the following reasons?

A. Burckhardt’s view forms the basis for most arguments refuting Kelly’s point of view.

B. Burckhardt’s view has been discredited by Kelly.

C. Burckhardt’s view is one that many feminist scholars wish to refute.

D. Burckhardt’s work provides rich historical evidence of inequality between Renaissance women and men.

E. Burckhardt’s work includes historical research supporting the arguments of the feminist scholars.

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答案：

Supporting

Idea

This question asks what the passage says explicitly about why feminist scholars reference Burckhardt’s view of Renaissance women. The first paragraph states that Burckhardt’s view is that Renaissance women enjoyed perfect equality with men, and then follows that by noting how feminist scholars have repeatedly cited this view to contrast it with extensive evidence of women’s inequality during the Renaissance.

A. The passage does not indicate that any feminist scholars cite Burckhardt to refute

Kelly’s view. It uses Krontiris as an example of scholars who refute Kelly’s point of view to a certain degree, but Krontiris does not use Burckhardt’s view as her basis for doing so; Krontiris argues against Burckhardt as well.

B. According to the first paragraph, Kelly’s work was in certain ways inconsistent with Burckhardt’s view, but that is not a reason why Burckhardt’s view is cited by feminist scholars. Rather, according to the passage, they cite it in order to argue against it.

C. Correct. Many feminist scholars wish to refute Burckhardt’s view that Renaissance women and men were equal.

D. As the first paragraph makes clear, Burckhardt’s work emphasizes equality, not inequality, between Renaissance women and men.

E. The passage does not discuss the historical research on which Burckhardt based his work.